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Autism

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    Autism spectrum disorder, also known as autism, is a serious developmental disorder that begins in early childhood. Generally, there is no problem in the development of motor skills such as sitting and walking, height and weight gain. The appearance of children with autism is not different from other children. On the contrary, they are children who look beautiful and healthy. Some may have a large head circumference. The main problem is that there are behaviors that cause social interaction, damage to communication, limited interests, and repetitive movements. Sometimes the symptoms start before the age of 1, in others, normal psycho-social development and after the first words such as “mama, father” are pronounced, a retardation and hesitation in development are noticed. Autism is thought to be caused by problems in the nervous system that affect the structure and functioning of the brain. This disease has nothing to do with parenting styles and the socio-economic level of the family.

    Although the exact cause of autism has not been found as a result of the researches done to date, genetic and some environmental factors (such as birth complications, viral infections, alcohol, drugs, stress and environmental pollution) have been shown as the cause of autism, but have not yet been proven definitively. It is known that autism findings are seen in some genetic, neurometabolic (brain chemistry disorders) diseases or epilepsy that disrupt brain functions and cell communications, albeit rarely. It has not been shown that there is a relationship between vaccination and autism.

    It is difficult to decide whether the symptoms are the child’s carelessness or unwillingness to communicate. Speech delay can also be seen in many healthy children. The fact that the child sometimes shows symptoms and sometimes acts as if he / she is developing healthy can confuse the family. It is precisely for this reason that autism is called a spectrum disorder. Symptom severity from mild to severe; It creates a spectrum between a healthy but slowly developing child and a severe neuro-psychological illness. Difficulties such as sleeping and choosing food can often be found.

    The most basic symptom of autism is the inability of children to make eye contact. There may be situations such as a short-term, timid look, looking as if there is eye contact, but not looking to understand the other person. Children who are called by name are often unresponsive and almost all have speech problems. These patients either do not speak at all or speak late or strangely. Imitation skills are limited. They learn imitations such as making bye-bye, saluting, and using facial expressions late.Autistic children cannot show their desires with signs and communication problems are very common. They show their needs by pulling the arm of the person who will meet them, taking them away, and crying. They are reluctant to communicate with their peers or elders. They cannot participate in group games and play meaningfully with toys.They prefer to be on their own rather than with their peers. Some children may experience repetitive abnormal movements such as “stereotype” such as shaking, clapping hands, flapping wings, or obsessive behaviors such as running around the corridor, turning the light on or off. Another important symptom of autistic children is their dislike of contact. Even in infancy, they do not calm down in the mother’s arms, on the contrary, they become uncomfortable. Autistic children live in a separate world of their own. An autistic child doesn’t care about being held up. He can go to everyone’s lap to achieve what he wants, he has no perception of strangers. By the age of 2-3, they show more interest in inanimate objects. They have games such as always holding an object in their hands, playing by arranging objects, turning the car over and turning its wheel, or lying down and watching the rotating wheel of the car. They like to play with a part of the toy rather than the whole. For him, there is not much difference between animate and inanimate. They don’t make meaningful eye contact with people. They can be extremely sensitive to sound, light and smell and may react unexpectedly. Sometimes they repeat what is told to them like a parrot, and they say pronouns like I-you in reverse.
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